An investigation of safety relief valve set point testing techniques In 1995/6 a BP group-wide work group met to consider various aspects of safety relief valve management and performance. One subject considered was the setting of these valves and, in particular, the use of on line set point verification (OLSPV). Traditional methods of testing such valves in BP Amoco group companies conform to the recognised industry standard API 576, and the usual procedure requires that all PSVs are removed from the plant periodically so that their condition can be evaluated in a workshop. Prior tore-installation valves are then "pop" tested on a test bench. On steam boilers the bench set pressure must also be proven in-situ by "floating" the valve. This method is both time consuming and costly. There are, however, methods of testing safety relief valves on line (with and without pressure), notably the Furmanite 'Trevitest" safety valve testing system and comparable in-situ test systems offered by e.g. Crosby and Consolidated. The benefits of these methods are lower costs and, where valves are not "spared", extended plant run times. Paper authored by E. Smith - BP Amoco Exploration, Sunbury, England, and J. McAleese - City University, London, England. ...
	Back-Pressure effects on safety valves operating with compressible flow. Superimposed or built-up back pressure strongly affects the operational characteristics and flow capacity of safety valves. It is common knowledge that this feature is connected to a reduction in the disc lift and/or to the establishment of a subsonic flow regime. Laboratory tests on five different commercial safety valves, especially ordered for the purpose of operating under back-pressure conditions, show a difference between the performance guaranteed by the manufacturer and the actual valve performance. This difference may be so great that the protected equipment might operate over the maximum allowable pressure. By Vincenzo Dossena, Laboratorio di Fluidodinamica delle Macchine, Dipartimento di Energetica, Politecnico di Milano ...
	PSV noise – criteria, limits and prediction In an earlier article, the author concentrated on noise at close range from pipes and vents of PSVs (Pressure Safety Valves). Three criteria were mentioned there. This article reviews in general terms those three criteria, then discusses associated engineering practice and ends with an appreciation of the numbers that may be met when working with PSV noise. By Eur Ing MDG Randall, Foster Wheeler Energy Limited ...
	Safety is the word! At the beginning of October, MRC Transmark held the first ever Safety Day on top of the Euromast in Rotterdam, the Netherlands. The event focused on pressure relief valves and problems, solutions, options, that end user and manufacturers have when it comes to safety in plants, refineries, etc. Valve World attended the event and brought back some interesting impressions. ...
	Safety relief valves for the world’s largest single location refinery In completing the state-of-the-art, globally competitive refinery at Jamnagar, India within 36 months, from concept to commissioning during December 2008, Reliance Petroleum Limited has set a new global benchmark for building a grass-root refinery. Tyco Sanmar Limited, a Joint Venture between Tyco International Limited, USA – the world leader in fluid control products – and Sanmar Engineering Corporation, India – one of the largest manufacturers of engineered valves in India - was the preferred ...
	Safety relief valves protecting life and property Generally speaking, safety relief valves have been around since the 1600s in more or less the same design concept. In its primary function, the pressure safety relief valve serves to protect life and property. Acting as a 'last resort', this fully mechanical valve is designed to open based on an over pressure situation within a process pressure system, thus not only protecting life but safeguarding the investment and plant itself. This article by Lester Millard (Hitma Group) reviews the principles of pressure safety relief valves for spring loaded and pilot operated designs. It will cover the applicable European and American codes and standards as well as end user procedures that are key elements in establishing safety and safe selection. Testing (set pressure verification) and maintenance - important criteria once the safety valve has been installed and commissioned - will also be addressed....
	Safety valve noise; limits, reduction and control As a contractor's engineer, one wants to have a model or other method of solution in place before one meets a cause for its use. Surely to have "no available model" shows absence of prior thought. Some models will show lack of thought. As examples we might think of: a model inconsistent with known facts or common sense; no data to substantiate the maths; predictions inconsistent with the data. We will all accept that a simple or basic model is better than no model at all, because, as information is gathered, the extra descriptions and data can be used to improve or change the model. In the following discussion the reader will find examples of a simple model, old information, and issues that are not well defined, but with which it is suggested he work at the present time. No apology is made for this. The issue of noise from safety valves does not appear to be well covered in the general literature and by making reference to issues where there is uncertainty, the author hopes that others may be encouraged to add definition or associate numerical results to them. By M. D. G. Randall, Foster Wheeler Energy Ltd. Reading, Berkshire, UK. ...
	Standards - list of useful resources. Brief listing of various authorities that issue standards relating to safety relief valves, such as the American Petroleum Institute, the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, the European Committee for Standardisation, etc. ...

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